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Barack Obama judicial appointment controversies
As of July 30, 2015, President Barack Obama has nominated over three hundred individuals for federal judgeships. Of these nominations, Congress confirmed three hundred and seven judgeships, 173 during the 111th & 112th Congresses 〔http://www.uscourts.gov/JudgesAndJudgeships/Viewer.aspx?doc=/uscourts/JudgesJudgeships/docs/appointments-by-president.pdf〕 and 134 during the 113th Congress.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.uscourts.gov/JudgesAndJudgeships/JudicialVacancies/ConfirmationListing.aspx )〕 Of the outstanding 44 Court Vacancies, 12 Nominees were pending Congressional review and 32 were awaiting Presidential nomination.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.uscourts.gov/JudgesAndJudgeships/JudicialVacancies.aspx )〕
Through President Obama's presidency numerous filibusters have been brought to a cloture vote. Three cloture votes were successful in breaking the filibusters, while the cloture votes on the nominations of Goodwin Liu, Caitlin Halligan and Robert E. Bacharach failed. Many nominations expired with the adjournment of the 111th Congress, but all were renominated in the 112th Congress with the exception of Robert Chatigny. Senator Grassley commented more nominees could have been confirmed had President Obama respected recess appointment precedent by not making recess appointments while the Senate is in session.〔Larry Margasak, (Senate confirms Cuban-born judge to 11th Circuit ) (February 15, 2012).〕 Although President Obama has never used a recess appointment to appoint a nominee to the federal bench, he had appointed some executive agency officials in January 2012.
As a response to the continuing blocking of several of President Obama's nominees, Sen. Harry Reid on November 21, 2013 invoked the so-called Nuclear option and changed the Senate rules, meaning a simple majority vote will suffice for all nominees except for the Supreme Court.〔(Senate Democrats invoke 'nuclear option', changes filibuster rules )〕
==List of failed, stalled or filibustered appellate nominees==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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